Abstract
Peace treaties of the First World War and racial laws (by Giacomo Saban) - ABSTRACT: Article 23 of the very first Italian racist law (Law n.1728, November 17th, 1938, Provisions in defence of the Italian race) stipulated that all Italian citizenships granted to foreign Jews after January 1st, 1919 where to be considered as cancelled. This implied that all Jews who had become Italian citizens under the provisions of the peace treaties of Saint Germain en Laye, Trianon, Nettuno, Rapallo, Lausanne, etc. signed at the end of the First World War suddenly found themselves deprived of any juridical status. This paper examines the consequences of Article 23 and the various attempts to have it repealed. The efforts of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities to solve this problem through requests to the competent government authorities remained unanswered. It has however been possible to find in the Italian Central State Archives documents which show that at a certain level the authorities were perplexed about the legality of this procedure which did not take into account international agreements and when requested to express its opinion the State Council declared that cancellations made under this law were to be revoked. Furthermore it appears that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs instructed its diplomats to avoid applying the racist laws outside Italy.
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