Abstract
The mass called Jebel Ahmar or the Red Mountain near Cairo, whose slopes consist of an immense accumulation of quarry rubbish, is composed of hard brown, reddish and white sandstone and siliceous conglomerate. In many parts it has the characters of a perfect quartzite, and appears at first sight extremely unlike a member of the Tertiary series, newer than the comparatively soft and unaltered Eocene beds on which it rests, apparently in a conformable manner, though its dip to the N.E. is somewhat irregular, and apparently affected by false bedding. The induration of the beds seems to be local, and to be connected with certain fumarole-like openings which have probably been outlets of geysers or hot siliceous springs, contemporaneous with the deposition of the sand. Zittel I believe first gave this explanation, which suggested itself to me before noticing it in his memoir.
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