Abstract

Purpose - The main purpose of this study was to explore primary headteachers' perceptions of their professional and organisational socialisation within their novice years as school leaders. There is a lack of studies exploring primary headteachers' socialisation within the Malaysian primary education context. Methodology - A total of nine primary headteachers from three states were purposely selected and interviewed to obtain their perceptions on the professional socialisation they received before and after their appointment and the strategies that they employed within their organisational socialisation process. Findings - The study revealed that the primary headteachers employed their own organisational socialisation strategies in order to be accepted as a new member of the school. These were relatively diverse but accorded with their school's values and culture. However, in terms of their professional socialisation, there were various findings: some mentioned the lack of support programs while others acknowledged receiving quite helpful programmes within their initial years of headship. The findings and the implications for the improvement of primary headteachers' socialisation are discussed. Significance - This study provides supplementary literature that explores primary headteachers' organisational and professional socialisation within the Malaysian schooling context. This study notes some practical and theoretical implications for improving the prospective headteachers' training and their leadership development which aim to enhance the leadership qualities of future primary school leaders.

Highlights

  • In school, the headteacher or principal is the most indispensable individual who governs and maximises the school’s excellence and effectiveness through his or her leadership qualities (Bush, 2008; Bush & Jackson, 2002; Steyn, 2013)

  • A few primary headteachers highlighted the minimal support they received in terms of preparation and professional development while other primary headteachers from other state departments of education acknowledged the support and preparation courses that they received based on the initiative and efforts of their State Department of Education (SDE) and District Education Office (DOE)

  • They remarked that the professional socialisation they received from the authorised educational entities was lacking in terms of courses, workshops and even knowledge-sharing sessions with other primary headteachers

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Summary

Introduction

The headteacher or principal is the most indispensable individual who governs and maximises the school’s excellence and effectiveness through his or her leadership qualities (Bush, 2008; Bush & Jackson, 2002; Steyn, 2013). Researchers into headship (Earley and Weindling, 2004; Male, 2006; Greenfield, 1985) have authoritatively classified a school leader’s socialisation process into two major categories or phases: (1) the professional socialisation in which school leaders are socialised and learn the knowledge, skills and behaviours through internalising the values and the norms of the profession, which generally begins within their pre-appointment to a post (Daresh, 2000); and (2) the organisational socialisation, which occurs immediately after the appointment in which the headteachers have to adjust their preferences towards their school’s array of people, policies and preferences (Browne-Ferrigno, 2003; Male, 2006; Greenfield, 1985) In this sense, researchers into headship (Earley and Weindling, 2004; Simkins, Close and Smith, 2009) have highlighted that novice heads will face failure and are not expected to clinch their effective role without any proper support structures, resources and administrative training in place within their professional socialisation. Hart (1993) cautioned on the content and curriculum of the development programmes for school heads claiming that the content can cause “conflict” between headteachers’ real life journeys and practices and that this has become more prevalent compared to the theoretical knowledge offered in some of the preparation programmes

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