Abstract
(1) Background: Infertility is a disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Intrauterine lesions are common in infertile women, hysteroscopy being considered the gold standard for assessing them, even if in routine clinical practice indirect imaging techniques are the first-line investigative tools. The aim of the study was to evaluate hysteroscopic findings among women with unexplained infertility and to analyze fertility outcomes after operative hysteroscopy; (2) Methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted among 198 women with infertility that had undergone hysteroscopy as the first step of their infertility workup. (3) Results: The median age of the participants was 34 years, 67.7% of them being diagnosed with primary infertility. The most common abnormalities were endometrial polyps, uterine synechiae and uterine fibroids. In addition, pregnancy rates were 23.1% after hysteroscopic polypectomy, 11.1% after hysteroscopic myomectomy and 23.8% after uterine synechiae resection; (4) Conclusions: Endometrial polyps were the most common uterine abnormality found in women with infertility. Hysteroscopic interventions appeared to increase pregnancy rates and outcomes among these women.
Highlights
Infertility is a disease defined by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse
Pregnancy rates were 23.1% after hysteroscopic polypectomy, 11.1% after hysteroscopic myomectomy and 23.8% after uterine synechiae resection; (4) Conclusions: Endometrial polyps were the most common uterine abnormality found in women with infertility
Estimates suggest that female infertility was the cause in 37% of infertile couples
Summary
Infertility is a disease defined by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. 48 million couples and 186 million individuals live with infertility [1]. The prevalence rate of female infertility increased by 14.9% from 1366.85 per 100,000 in 1990 to 1571.35 per 100,000 in 2017 [2]. Estimates suggest that female infertility was the cause in 37% of infertile couples. Infertility may be caused by tubal disorders, uterine disorders, disorders of the ovaries or disorders of the endocrine system [1]. In Romania, 16.8% of the studied fertile population was or is in a situation of infertility, according to a study by the Romanian Human Reproduction Association [3]
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