Abstract
DECKKER1 described a well defined hysteresis in the flow of air through square-edge circular orifices. The hysteresis was obtained with orifices of different diameters which all had length/diameter ratios of 0.5. He states “It is curious that this phenomenon had not been encountered earlier in the long history of investigation of the flow of compressible fluids”. This phenomenon of flow instability with the square-edge circular orifice has been reported in several previous investigations2–9 and there is now fairly wide agreement that the main factor influencing the value of the discharge coefficient is the extent to which the flow which separates from the orifice wall at the inlet edge reattaches itself to the wall before the outlet edge is reached10.
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