Abstract
Oxygen-regulated genes expression has important role in pre-implantation embryonic metabolism regulation. Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) regulated by hypoxia oxygen tension is crucial for placenta development. But the data about its role in spontaneous abortion is very poor. Thus, we aimed to determine an expression level of HIF-1α in chorionic tissue and decidua at pregnancy. Samples of chorionic tissue and decidua were taken after surgical termination of normally progressing pregnancies in 5-9 week of gestation (n = 8) and spontaneous abortion in 5-9 week of gestation (n = 9). HIF-1α expression was analyzed using semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Compared with decidual tissue, the expression of HIF-1α was increased in chorionic tissue in condition of normally progressing pregnancy. HIF-1α expression in samples of both tissues is equal in spontaneous abortion. In same time the expression of HIF-1α was decreased (1,5 fold) in chorionic tissue for spontaneous abortion compared with control group. The results demonstrated that low HIF-1α expression level in chorionic tissue can be associated with spontaneous abortion in first trimester of pregnancy.
Highlights
About 15% of all human pregnancies end in spontaneous abortion before 12 weeks of gestation
The expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α was statistically increased in chorionic tissue in condition of normally progressing pregnancy (P = 0.016) (Fig. 1)
The expression of HIF-1α in chorionic tissue in case of spontaneous abortion does not match for normal gestation condition
Summary
About 15% of all human pregnancies end in spontaneous abortion before 12 weeks of gestation. The pathophysiology of pregnancy loss is complicated and poorly understood. Major part of the pregnancy loss causes remains unexplained after comprehensive study. Stages of the mammalian placenta development are regulated by oxygen tension and the hypoxic uterine environment (Giaccia et al, 2004). A hypoxic environment is essential for proper embryonic development. Low oxygen appears to prevent trophoblast differentiation into an invasive phenotype. This physiological switch in oxygen tension is a prerequisite for proper placental development (Patel et al, 2010). Low oxygen tension induces embryo development up to the blastocyst stage (Kind et al, 2005; Harvey et al, 2007). Vascular development during embryonic and fetal growth in utero is triggered by hypoxia (Simon and Keith, 2008)
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