Abstract
Biodegradable materials like well documented Magnesium (Mg) are promising for their biocompatibility and tissue regeneration. Since Mg degradation is reported to be oxygen related, the effects of Mg are hypothesised to be influenced by oxygen. As two vital components of bone marrow, endothelial cells (EC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), their interactions represent high scientific interest for tissue engineering and biodegradable Mg application. Cell proliferation, MSC migration, gene, and cytokines were investigated in MSC-EC coculture using DNA, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, semi-quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mg decreased the MSC proliferation while increased its migration in transwell under hypoxia. Only in contacting coculture, Mg increased MSC/EC ratio. Oxygen tension changed the regulation of Mg on genes like migration and angiogenetic regulators. Under contacting coculture and hypoxia, Mg degradation products remarkably increased cytokines (e.g., c-c motif chemokine ligand 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor) and MSC mineralization. In summary, this work indicates the roles of low oxygen and heterotypic contact to effects of Mg materials facilitating EC and MSC.
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