Abstract
ABSTRACT The present study assessed and compared the effects of hypotonic enteral electrolyte solutions administered by nasoesophageal tube in continuous flow in dogs submitted to water restriction on packed cell volume; total serum protein and serum osmolarity concentrations; blood volume; plasma glucose and lactate levels; blood gas analysis, anion gap, and strong ion difference. Six adult dogs were used (four males and two females). All animals were submitted to both proposed treatments in a crossover design 6×2. The treatments were as follows: ESmalt consisting of 5g sodium chloride, 1g potassium chloride, 1g calcium acetate, 0.2g magnesium pidolate, and 9.6g maltodextrin that were diluted in 1.000mL water (measured osmotic concentration of 215mOsm L−1) and ESdext consisting of 5g sodium chloride, 1g potassium chloride, 1g calcium acetate, 0.2g magnesium pidolate, and 9.6g dextrose that were diluted in 1.000mL water (measured osmotic concentration of 243mOsm L−1). All solutions were administered at 15ml kg−1 h−1 for 4 hours. Both solutions increased the plasma volume in dehydrated dogs without causing adverse effects. However, ESmalt was more effective in promoting the increase in blood volume.
Highlights
Most diseases that affect dogs lead to changes in their homeostasis and result in varying degrees of dehydration
The dose of 15mL-1kg-1 h-1 used in this test animal was based on pilot studies, because there is no dose for enteral fluid therapy reported in the literature in dogs
The small-caliber nasoesophageal tube used during the fluid therapy phase did not cause stress in the animals, and none of the dogs attempted to try to remove the tube
Summary
Most diseases that affect dogs lead to changes in their homeostasis and result in varying degrees of dehydration. In addition to physical examination results, packed cell volume, total serum protein, urea, creatinine, serum or plasma electrolyte levels, urinary density and blood gas analysis are performed in clinical settings to estimate, monitor, and treat hydroelectrolytic and acid-base imbalances (Ribeiro Filho et al, 2008; Dibartola, 2012). Dehydration is treated with fluid therapy, indicated for recovery, maintenance of cellular functions and correction of hydroelectrolytic and acid-base imbalances. The fluid therapy improves homeostasis of the organism (Ribeiro Filho et al, 2008). The most commonly used fluid therapy routes of administration are intravenous, subcutaneous, oral, and intraosseous. The choice of the administration route depends on the nature and severity of the clinical disorder and the evolution of the dog's condition (Brown and Otto, 2008; Dibartola, 2012)
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