Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. However, studies have suggested a possible link between hypomagnesemia and cardiovascular risk, but these studies are scanty in sub-Saharan Africa. This present study aimed to investigate the association between plasma magnesium and cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Seventy type 2 diabetes patients, with equal gender distribution, in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria were recruited. Ethical approval was obtained. Anthropometric measures were done as recommended. Plasma magnesium and fasting lipid profiles measured using standard protocols. Results: The mean age of the participants was 53.34 ± 9.57 years. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus among the participants was 6.29 ± 2.78 years. Central obesity and hypertension are the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes. About 38.6% of the participants had suboptimal glycemic control. Nearly 64.3% had dyslipidemia. The frequency of hypomagnesemia among the participants was 25.7%. Hypomagnesemia was significantly associated with the presence of dyslipidemia (P = 0.042) and suboptimal glycemic control (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. Therefore, plasma magnesium could be used as a cheap marker of cardiovascular risk in low-resource settings like sub-Saharan Africa.
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