Abstract
We aimed to verify the beneficial effects of probiotic strain Lactobacillus reuteri 263 (Lr263) on hypolipidemic action in hamsters with hyperlipidemia induced by a 0.2% cholesterol and 10% lard diet (i.e., high-cholesterol diet (HCD)). Male Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly divided into two groups: normal (n = 8), standard diet (control), and experimental (n = 32), a HCD. After a two-week induction followed by a six-week supplementation with Lr263, the 32 hyperlipidemic hamsters were divided into four groups (n = 8 per group) to receive vehicle or Lr263 by oral gavage at 2.1, 4.2, or 10.5 × 109 cells/kg/day for 6 weeks, designated the HCD, 1X, 2X and 5X groups, respectively. The efficacy and safety of Lr263 supplementation were evaluated by lipid profiles of serum, liver and feces and by clinical biochemistry and histopathology. HCD significantly increased serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, hepatic and fetal TC and TG levels, and degree of fatty liver as compared with controls. Lr263 supplementation dose dependently increased serum HDL-C level and decreased serum TC, TG, LDL-C levels, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, hepatic TC and TG levels, and fecal TG level. In addition, Lr263 supplementation had few subchronic toxic effects. Lr263 could be a potential agent with a hypolipidemic pharmacological effect.
Highlights
Hyperlipidemia is a widely known key risk factor for cardiovascular diseases
We found that Lactobacillus reuteri 263 (Lr263) supplementation could decrease the increased liver weight caused by a high cholesterol diet
We showed that Lr263 had consistent physiological activities on TG and total cholesterol (TC) content and fat composition under a hyperlipidemic model
Summary
Hyperlipidemia is a widely known key risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. High blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels are commonly considered important modulators and biomarkers of hyperlipidemic processes [1]. The management of these two parameters is necessary for cardiovascular health. Probiotic bacteria are defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host” and are being examined for their efficacy in lowering total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in humans [2]. Intestinal lactic acid bacterial (LAB) species with alleged health beneficial properties have been introduced as probiotics. LAB species are important members of the normal intestinal microflora and showed beneficial effects in study of the molecular biology and genomics of Lactobacillus in immune function, anti-cancer, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea, travelers’ diarrhea, pediatric diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome [3]
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