Abstract
sBackgroundThe aims of this study were to evaluate the antidiabetic activity and to detect molecular size of Pseudostellaria heterophylla polysaccharide (PHP). Pseudostellaria heterophylla is a medicine extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine formulas to treat diabetes and its complications.MethodsMolecular weight of PHP was determined by gel permeation chromatography combined with phenol-sulphuric acid method and the monosaccharides composition was determined by HPLC with a precolumn derivatization. Four polysaccharides with different molecular weight were compared for hypoglycemic active on two animal models both high does alloxan induced type1 diabetic mellitus (T1DM) and high-fat/lower does streptozotocin induced type2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM). Blood sugar, glucose tolerance, and insulin tolerance were detected. Rat serum IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, Leptin, TNF-α, Acrp30 and CRP were also analyzed by sandwich-ELISA approaches to preliminary probe the hypoglycemic mechanism of PHP.ResultsThe hypoglycemic effects related to molecular size of polysaccharide were more effective against T2DM than T1DM. PHP comprise four monosaccharides of galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose and arabinos. T2DM rats daily receiving oral dose of polysaccharide(100 ~ 400 mg/kg) with 50 ~ 210 kDa molecular weight (PF40) could not only significantly lower blood sugar but also reduce total triglyceride level in serum. PF40 improves in insulin tolerance inhibited the expression of some biomarkers including inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and elevated anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, regulated adiponectin Acrp30 and leptin.ConclusionsPF40 prevent the cascade of inflammatory events in the treatment of T2DM to block overweight progresses to obesity.
Highlights
The aims of this study were to evaluate the antidiabetic activity and to detect molecular size of Pseudostellaria heterophylla polysaccharide (PHP)
The hypoglycemic effects related to molecular size of polysaccharide were more effective against type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than type1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)
Alloxan is one of the chemical agents that high lose of it used for the induction of type 1 diabetes mellitus in animal, alloxan has been found to be selectively toxic via GLUT2 into a pancreatic beta cell as it preferentially accumulates in theβ-cells as glucose analogues [22]
Summary
The aims of this study were to evaluate the antidiabetic activity and to detect molecular size of Pseudostellaria heterophylla polysaccharide (PHP). Pseudostellaria heterophylla is a medicine extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine formulas to treat diabetes and its complications. There are many oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of diabetes, such as biguanides and sulfonylureas; biochemical drugs,such as insulin-secretagogues,insulin sensitivity improvement factor, insulin-like growth factor, aldose reductase inhibitor, α-glucosidase inhibitors and protein glycation inhibitor. Intake of these drugs causes side effects, for example, hypoglycemia, lactic acid intoxication, gastrointestinal upset, and are not effective in lowering the blood sugar in chronic diabetic patients [3]. There is an increasing demand by patients for the use of plant medicinal, folk medicine, traditional medicine of ethnic minorities, as well as other dietary modulators to help control the symptoms of diabetes [4,5,6,7,8]
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