Hypoglycemic effect of ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract from Campylandra aurantiaca rhizome on high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Background: Campylandra aurantiaca (Asparagaceae), commonly known as Nakima in Sikkimese Tibetan, is a plant grown in South-Central China and Northeast India. Objective: To evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract from C. aurantiaca rhizome (EFCA) in high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In rats fed with HFD for 4 weeks, hyperglycemia was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (35 mg/kg body weight). Seven days after STZ induction, the hyperglycemic rats were treated with EFCA orally at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w. daily for 28 days. Glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg, orally) was used as reference drug. The fasting blood glucose levels were measured on every 7th day during the 28 days of treatment. Serum and hepatorenal biochemical parameters were estimated. Histological study of the pancreas was also performed. Results: EFCA at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg orally significantly (P Abbreviations used: IDDM: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, NIDDM: Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, T1DM: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, IDF: International Diabetes Federation, STZ: Streptozotocin, EFCA: Ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract from Campylandra aurantiaca rhizome, OGTT: Oral glucose tolerance test, HFD: High-fat diet, FBG: Fasting blood glucose, HDL: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin, AST: Aspartate transaminase, ALT: Alanine transaminase, ALP: Alkaline phosphatase, LPO: Lipid peroxidation, GSH: Reduced glutathione, SOD: Superoxide dismutase, CAT: Catalase, SEM: Standard error of mean, ANOVA: Analysis of variance, HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography.