Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a condition consisting of various metabolic abnormalities that are risk factors for developing kidney failure, cardiovascular, vascular and cerebrovascular diseases, among others. The prevalence of this syndrome shows a marked increase. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacological effect of Smilax aristolochiifolia root on some components of MS and obtain some of the active principle using chromatographic techniques. The compound isolated was N-trans-feruloyl tyramine NTF (1), and its structure was determined by spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses. The whole extract and the standardized fractions were able to control the weight gain around 30%; the fraction rich in NTF was able to decrease the hypertriglyceridemia by 60%. The insulin resistance decreased by approximately 40%; the same happened with blood pressure, since the values of systolic and diastolic pressure fell on average 31% and 37% respectively, to levels comparable to normal value. The treatment also had an immunomodulatory effect on the low-grade inflammation associated with obesity, since it significantly decreased the relative production of pro-inflammatory cytokines regarding anti-inflammatory cytokines, both kidney and adipose tissue. Therefore it can be concluded that the extract and fractions of Smilax aristolochiifolia root with NTF are useful to counteract some symptoms of MS in animal models.
Highlights
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex and heterogeneous clinical entity that includes obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and elevated blood pressure [1]
The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological effect of extracts of S. aristolochiifolia on some degenerative components of MS and the underlying inflammatory condition, in a model of MS induced by high-caloric diet and chronic administration of angiotensin II (AGII)
According to a HMBC experiment, H-7 (δ 7.43) correlated at two and three bonds with five carbon signals at δ 128.39, 111.6, 123.33, 118.8 and 169.28 which are assigned to C-1, C-2, C-6, C-8 and C-9 respectively, indicating the presence of a trans-feruloyl group
Summary
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex and heterogeneous clinical entity that includes obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and elevated blood pressure [1]. The parallel increase of the frequency of the metabolic syndrome and obesity is a worldwide phenomenon, important in México [3]. These pathologies are major risk factors for developing coronary heart disease, heart failure and cerebrovascular atherosclerosis [1], which are the leading cause of death in the country [4]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological effect of extracts of S. aristolochiifolia on some degenerative components of MS and the underlying inflammatory condition, in a model of MS induced by high-caloric diet and chronic administration of AGII
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