Hypo-Lipidaemic and Histological Effects of Goniopsis pelli in Bordetella pertussis Infected Swiss Mice

Abstract

Background: Bordetella pertussis is the causative organism of an acute human respiratory tract disease known as pertussis – an endemic disease globally with reported cases in both developing and developed countries. This study evaluated the anti-bacterial potentials of the crab specie (Goniopsis pelli) extract on bordetela pertussis in Swiss mice. Methods: One hundred and twenty-two (122) animals (Swiss mice) were divided into five groups for the curative treatment study. Groups 1 and 2 were the normal and negative controls respectively, while groups 3 and 5 received (300mg/kg and 600mg/kg) of the extract and group 5 received 4000mg/70kg of erythromycin. Blood and kidney samples were collected on 0, 6th, 12th and 18thday for lipid profile analysis and kidney histological examination. Result: The result shows that Animals exposed to B. pertussis inoculum dose (5.0x105cfu/ml) without treatment caused a decrease in the plasma level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and an increase in the concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). However, treatment with Goniopsis pelli extracts reversed the observed effect thereby producing a gradual increase in HDL levels and decrease in triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL levels with no adverse effect on the kidney histology. Conclusion: Goniopsis pelli has the potentials of ameliorating lipid abnormalities and plays a therapeutic role in improving lipid profiles associated with the bacterial infection.