HYPERURICEMIA AS A MARKER OF LIPID PEROXIDATION INTENSITY IN A POPULATION

Abstract

The prevalence of hyperuricemia in the world has been steadily increasing over the past decade. According to various authors, the frequency of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in the population ranges from 5 to 35.1 per cent. The study of the relationship between purine metabolism disorders and the state of lipid peroxidation is still relevant due to numerous reports on the relationship between the processes of urate formation and free radical oxidation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to find out the value of hyperuricemia as a marker of the intensity of lipid peroxidation in a random population sample. Materials and methods. The group of participants was formed according to generally accepted epidemiological approaches using a random sample of workers and employees of an industrial enterprise (n=727 people, 457 men and 270 women, age ranged from 18 to 65 years, the average age was 38.13±5.10 years. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the recommendations of International Diabetes Federation, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, American Heart Association, World Heart Federation, International Atherosclerosis Society, and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Glucose homeostasis was evaluated according to the recommendations of the research society for the study of diabetes in India, Endocrine Society of India, 2020. Venous blood samples were taken on an empty stomach. We assessed the immunoreactive insulin content by immunochemiluminescent method, the concentration of triglycerides, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein by enzyme colorimetric method, xanthine and hypoxanthine were assessed by the method of S. V. Oreshnikov et al., uric acid was evaluated by colorimetric method, acylhydrazines – by the method of V. B. Gavrilov and M. I. Mishkorudny, malonic dialdehyde was assessed by the method of I. D. Steel, Garishvili T. G. in modification of L. I. Andreeva et al.; the level of total reduced SH groups was evaluated by the Elman photometric method, xanthine oxidase activity was studied by the photometric method, superoxide dismutase was examined by the T. V. Sirota method, and catalase in plasma and red blood cells – by the H. Aebi method. Results and discussion.
 Hyperuricemia was diagnosed in 118 (16.2%) patients. Violation of glucose homeostasis was diagnosed in 76 patients (10.5%): type 2 diabetes was found in 22 (3.03%) patients, glucose tolerance disorders were found in 47 (6.5%) patients, fasting hyperglycemia – in 7 (0, 96%), respectively. In a random population sample with hyperuricemia, the concentration of intermediate and final products of lipid peroxidation in the blood is significantly higher than in individuals with normouricemia. The concentration of reducing equivalents in the form of free SH groups does not significantly depend on the intensity of purine catabolism. The maximum intensity of lipid peroxidation is observed in the representatives of a random population sample with hyperuricemia in the presence of impaired glucose homeostasis. For this combination of pathological conditions, the concentrations of intermediate and final products of lipid peroxidation are significantly higher than for hyperuricemia by itself and hyperuricemia in combination with other components of the metabolic syndrome. The established links between disorders of purine metabolism and activation of lipid peroxidation demonstrate a close integration of purine metabolism pathology into hormonal and metabolic disorders of diabetogenic and atherogenic orientation at the level of a random population sample.