Abstract
As the prevalence of hyperuricemia (elevated uric acid levels in the blood) increases, the relationship between serum uric acid levels and cardiovascular risk has garnered increased interest. Several studies have highlighted that elevated uric acid levels are likely tied to increased cardiovascular disease risk. Specifically, the presence of hyperuricemia is well-established to contribute to the onset of gout (an inflammatory condition characterized by painful/swollen joints). Several studies have shown that the risk of developing gout is strongly associated with the degree of hyperuricemia. In this review, we will provide insight into the association between gout and cardiovascular disease risk. It is also important to gain insight into the pathophysiology of gout to understand the contributions to cardiovascular disease risk as well as improve diagnosis and target treatment more effectively. An interdisciplinary approach for gout management and areas for further investigation will be discussed in this review.
Highlights
BackgroundGout is considered the most common type of inflammatory arthritis in the United States and is most prevalent among men [1]
It is important to gain insight into the pathophysiology of gout to understand the contributions to cardiovascular disease risk as well as improve diagnosis and target treatment more effectively
Studies have shown that increases in serum uric acid levels may be tied to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality [4]
Summary
Gout is considered the most common type of inflammatory arthritis in the United States and is most prevalent among men [1]. Studies have shown that increases in serum uric acid levels (which can lead to hyperuricemia and potentially contribute to gout) may be tied to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality [4]. Both gout and cardiovascular disease are associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which accelerates atherosclerosis resulting in the morbidmortal outcomes of cardiovascular disease [6]. The clinical use of serum uric acid as an early biomarker of future cardiovascular disease events in gout and rheumatoid arthritis patients needs to be further investigated. Because patients with gout have a risk of cardiovascular disease, further investigation on the use of CMR in gout patients should be considered
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