Abstract
BackgroundElevated serum uric acid levels (SUA) have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and are often reported to be higher in females than in males. The aim of this report is to determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of hyperuricaemia and also to evaluate associations with the MetS in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted in people with type 2 DM in Lagos, Nigeria. Hyperuricaemia was defined by cut-off values of > 7 mg/dl for men and > 6 mg/dl for women. The diagnosis of MetS was made using the new definition by the American Heart Association and other related bodies. Clinical and biochemical parameters were compared between subjects with hyperuricaemia and normouricaemia. Statistical analysis included usage of Student's t test, Pearson correlation coefficients, multivariate regression analysis and chi square.Results601 patients with type 2 DM aged between 34-91 years were recruited for the study. The prevalence rates of hyperuricaemia and the MetS were 25% and 60% respectively. The frequency of occurrence of hyperuricaemia was comparable in both genders (59% vs 41%, p = 0.3). Although, the prevalence of the MetS in subjects with hyperuricaemia and normouricaemia was comparable (61 vs 56%, p = 0.1), a higher proportion of hyperuricaemic subjects had 3 or more components of the Mets compared with normouricaemic subjects. Possible predictors of hyperuricaemia include central obesity, smoking and elevated serum triglycerides (TG). SUA levels were found to be positively and significantly associated with serum TG (r = 0.2, p = 0.0001) and total cholesterol (r = 13, p = 0.001).ConclusionThe prevalence of hyperuricaemia in subjects with type 2 DM is comparable in both genders and possible predictors of hyperuricaemia are potentially modifiable. SUA is positively and significantly associated with serum TG and total cholesterol.
Highlights
Elevated serum uric acid levels (SUA) have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and are often reported to be higher in females than in males
Hyperuricaemia or elevated serum uric acid level (SUA) is a biochemical entity that is gaining increasing importance as it has been found by some researchers to be a cardiovascular risk factor and play a role in the development of renal and metabolic diseases [2,3,4]
We note in this report that hyperuricaemic subjects had a comparable mean age with normouricaemic subjects and that the proportion of subjects with hyperuricaemia did not increase with increasing age except for the females in which the proportions of females with elevated SUA increased steeply after 80
Summary
Elevated serum uric acid levels (SUA) have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and are often reported to be higher in females than in males. The aim of this report is to determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of hyperuricaemia and to evaluate associations with the MetS in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Hyperuricaemia or elevated serum uric acid level (SUA) is a biochemical entity that is gaining increasing importance as it has been found by some researchers to be a cardiovascular risk factor and play a role in the development of renal and metabolic diseases [2,3,4]. These studies, hyperuricaemia was found to associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. We hope to document the scope of the burden of hyperuricaemia and describe the phenotype of CVS risk factors in our subjects with type 2 DM
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