Abstract
The diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can be challenging in the athlete. A morphologically mild phenotype of the condition may mimic physiological left ventricular hypertrophy and requires careful evaluation of the athlete with an array of clinical tools. Correct interpretation of the results in such cases is crucial, as falsely labelling a young athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy could curtail a flourishing career. Conversely, falsely attributing left ventricular hypertrophy to physiological adaptation in an individual with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can increase their risk of exercise-associated sudden cardiac arrest. This chapter highlights a number of clinical methods that can be utilized to aid the sports physician when assessing such individuals and discusses historical and contemporary literature on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in athletes.
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