Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are among the main causes of death in Brazil and worldwide. The literature indicates the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (HTWP) as an accessible alternative for the identification of cardiovascular and metabolic risk. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence and factors associated with HTWP in individuals diagnosed with arterial hypertension (AH) and/or diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). A cross-sectional study was conducted with individuals diagnosed with AH and/or DM2. The study data were collected through semi-structured interviews containing socio-demographic information, lifestyle, health care, in addition to anthropometric assessment, blood pressure measurement and biochemical blood tests. The prevalence of HTWP was estimated and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with HTWP. Of the 788 individuals analysed, 21⋅5 % had the HTWP. In the adjusted model, the following variables remained associated with a greater chance of presenting HTWP: sex, age, body mass index (BMI) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Being female increased the chance of HTWP by 7⋅7 times (OR 7⋅7; 95 % CI 3⋅9, 15⋅2). The one-year increase in age increased the chance of HTWP by 4 % (OR 1⋅04; 95 % CI 1⋅02, 1⋅06). The addition of 1 mg/dl of VLDL-c increased the chance of HTWP by 15 % (odds ratio (OR) 1⋅15; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1⋅12, 1⋅18), as well as the increase of 1 kg/m2 in the BMI increased the chance of this condition by 20 % (OR 1⋅20; 95 % CI 1⋅15, 1⋅27). The prevalence of HTWP was associated with females, older age, higher BMI, higher VLDL-c and risk waist/height ratio.
Highlights
Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), are the biggest cause of death in the world, causing approximately 31 % of all deaths globally
The present study aimed to identify the prevalence and factors associated with hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (HTWP) in individuals diagnosed with arterial hypertension (AH) and/or diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2)
A cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, carried out with individuals diagnosed with AH and/or DM2 accompanied by sixteen primary health care (PHC) teams from Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, a medium-sized municipality, according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics[13]
Summary
Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), are the biggest cause of death in the world, causing approximately 31 % of all deaths globally. About the 17 million premature deaths caused by NCDs, 82 % occur in low- and middle-income countries, 37 % due to CVD. The main risk factors for cardiovascular events are obesity, dyslipidemia, smoking, physical inactivity, high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus. Lemieux and collaborators in 2000, proposed the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (HTWP), which takes into account the simultaneous increase in WP and triglyceride levels, as an indicator for the identification of cardiovascular and metabolic risk[10,11]. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence and factors associated with HTWP in individuals diagnosed with arterial hypertension (AH) and/or diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2)
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