Abstract
The primary aim of the present retrospective study was to investigate lipid profiles and kinetics in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients. We analyzed 402 newly diagnosed APL patients and 201 non-APL patients with acute myeloid leukemia (as control). Incidence of hypertriglyceridemia in APL patients and non-APL patients was 55.82% and 28.4% (p = 0.0003). The initial levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher in APL patients than in control (all p < 0.0001). In APL patients, triglyceride levels were significantly increased during induction treatment with all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic. Multivariable analysis showed that age, being overweight (body mass index ≥25) and APL were independent risk factors for hypertriglyceridemia in all patients before treatment. High triglyceride levels were not significantly associated with disease-free survival or overall survival in the APL patients. In summary, in the current study triglyceride levels were significantly elevated in APL patients before treatment, and they increased during induction treatment, but there were no significant corresponding effects on survival.
Highlights
Dyslipidemia is reportedly often detected in cancer patients, and it has recently attracted increased attention due to its potential prognostic value of cancer and mortality from cardiovascular diseases [1,2,3]
The results indicated that being overweight (BMI ≥ 25) and leukemia type were associated with hypertriglyceridemia
In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients hypertriglyceridemia was significantly associated with age, being overweight, and higher WBC count
Summary
Dyslipidemia is reportedly often detected in cancer patients, and it has recently attracted increased attention due to its potential prognostic value of cancer and mortality from cardiovascular diseases [1,2,3]. Progress has been made in the study of dyslipidemia in patients with hematological malignancies. There have been lower levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and higher triglyceride (TG) levels in patients with hematological malignancies [4,5,6]. As early as 1997 Estey et al [7] reported that the incidence of obesity in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients was significantly higher than that in other types of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). Mazzarella et al [13] recently reported that obesity was a Hypertriglyceridemia in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia dependent risk factor for APL. A study investigating a homogeneous leukemia type with a uniform treatment protocol and an adequate sample size is required
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