Abstract
ObjectivePreeclampsia, a hypertensive pregnancy disorder, increases the risk for cardiovascular disease including coronary artery calcification (CAC) as women age. Controversy exists regarding the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and CAC in menopausal women. This study was designed to determine and compare the relationship between BMD and CAC in postmenopausal women with defined histories of either normotensive or preeclamptic pregnancies.MethodsWomen who gave birth in Olmsted County, MN between 1976 and 1982 were identified from their medical record as having a preeclamptic pregnancy (PE, n=40) and were age/parity‐matched with women having normotensive pregnancies (NP, n=40). The study was approved by the IRB at Mayo Clinic and all participants gave written informed consent. Quantitative Computed Tomography was used to assess vertebral (T7‐9) BMD and CAC. Statistical analyses included linear regression with general estimating equation (GEE) to correct for within‐subject correlations.ResultsWomen averaged 35 years since the index pregnancy and were 60 years of age at the time of the study. CAC was significantly greater in women of the PE group (median (25th, 75th percentiles: 0 (0, 0.3) NP and 0 (0, 25) PE, P=0.026). There were no significant differences in cortical, trabecular or central BMD between PE and NP groups. However, there was a positive correlation between cortical BMD and CAC in the PE group (ρ=0.336, P=0.042) and a negative correlation between central BMD and CAC in the NP group (ρ=−0.392, P=0.017).ConclusionsAlthough CAC was greater in women with a history PE, BMD did not differ from women with a history of NP. Associations between cortical and central BMD with CAC differed by pregnancy history suggesting that there may be underlying differences in calcium metabolism associated with PE.Support or Funding InformationThis work was funded by grants from the NIH AG44170, AG034676, UL1 TR000135 and the Mayo Foundation.
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