Hypertension in Young Asymptomatic University Students: Impact of Parental History, Physical Inactivity, and Diet.

Abstract

Introduction Non-communicable diseases such as hypertension have emerged as a major public concern over the past two decades due to lifestyle changes. Patients with prehypertension have agreater risk of developing coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Hypertension is a major modifiablerisk factor for premature death worldwide. Evidence about the prevalence of hypertension and related variables, however, is sparse among university students in areas with limited resources. This study was conducted with an aimto evaluate the impact of parental history, physical inactivity, and diet on the blood pressure readings of university students. Methodology For this study, 337 university students aged between 18 and 30 years(102 males and 235 females) were randomly selected. The data was collected through a structured questionnaire, which gathered information about thelifestyle habits of the participating students. Trained students measured the participant's blood pressure according to a standardizedprocedure. Results Of the total participants, 50.7% (n= 171) were normotensive, 36.8% (n= 124) were prehypertensive, and 12.5% (n= 42) were hypertensive. Males were more prone to developing prehypertension (54.9%) while females were more likely to develop hypertension (12.7%). The consumption of sugared beverages and Western fast food showed a statistically significant relationship with increased blood pressure. A significant relationship was also seen between the duration of exercise and hypertension (p-value =0.007) Conclusion Hypertension and prehypertension are common among university students. The risk factors for these conditions include a positive family history, being male, increased intake of fast food and sugar-sweetened beverages, and reduced duration of regular exercise. These findings emphasize the significance of implementing targeted health education programs aimed at fostering healthy lifestyle practices among young adults.