Hypertension, fluid overload and micro inflammation are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Abstract

This cross-sectional study aims to identify the potential risk factors of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Echocardiography, anthropometric measurements and biochemical analyses were performed for 112 HD patients. In univariate analysis, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin, glycated albumin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), amino-terminal pro-B-natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and carotid artery intima-media thickness were positively correlated with left ventricular mass index (LVMI); pre-albumin, serum creatinine, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and fractional shortening were negatively correlated with LVMI. Linear regression analysis showed systolic blood pressure, NT-proBNP and LVEF were independently associated with LVMI. According to a binary logistic regression model, higher systolic blood pressure, NT-proBNP and hs-CRP levels showed independent correlation with LVH. Receiver operator characteristic curves analysis showed the associations between NT-proBNP and LVH more closely than hs-CRP and cTnT. The area under the curve for NT-proBNP, hs-CRP and cTnT was 0.762 (95% CI: 0.660–0.864, p < 0.001), 0.734 (95% CI: 0.624–0.844, p < 0.001) and 0.677 (95% CI: 0.563–0.790, p = 0.004), respectively. These data support the main conclusions: hypertension, fluid overload and micro inflammation are associated with LVH in maintenance HD patients. It demonstrates traditional and nontraditional risk factors all play important roles in the development of LVH.