Hypertension and Kidney Dysfunction in Adult Population in Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Prevalence of hypertension is high among countries included Indonesia. Hypertension is one risk factor for kidney disfunction. As the prevalence of hypertension is high in our population, association between hypertension and kidney dysfunction in population-based study is very important to explore. Objective: This national-wide epidemiology study aimed to find the association between hypertension and kidney dysfunction in Indonesia population. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on subjects from National Health Survey, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia 2007. Study population was adult more than 15 year-old. Hypertension was diagnosed based on seven report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure, while kidney dysfunction is evaluated with eGFR using CKD-EPI equation. Kidney dysfunction is defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 Result: A total of 16779 subjects age above 15 year-old from all-over Indonesia were selected and undergo history taking, physical examination, and laboratory examination. Prevalence of hypertension in adult population in Indonesia was 30.6%. Prevalence of kidney dysfunction was 3.8%. Hypertension was found in 58% people with kidney dysfunction and 29.5% people with normal kidney function. In further analysis, hypertension is associated with kidney dysfunction using eGFR with CKD-EPI equation (p < 0,001). Conclusion: Hypertension is associated with kidney dysfunction in our population. Assesment of kidney function should be done in hypertensive population.