Abstract
Background:Hypertension is emerging as an alarming public-health problem causes organ damage.Objectives:To identify prevalence of hypertension and predictor factors among rural population in four states in Sudan.Methods:A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in sixteen rural areas in Sudan during April 2012. A total of 3020 adult were interviewed using structured questionnaire and blood pressure was measured before and after the interview. Hypertension was taken as ≥ 140 mmHg and ≥ 90 mmHg for systole and diastole respectively.Analysis:Descriptive statistic was presented; Sex and mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were tested using ANOVA for individuals on antihypertensive medication. Predictor factors to hypertension were tested by logistic regression.Results:Prevalence of hypertension among rural population was 15.8%. Overall means of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 128.6±17.7 and 81.5±11.6 respectively while the means among hypertensive individuals was154.74 ±14.4 and 97.98±8.4 respectively Known hypertensive individuals were 20.1%; out of whom 71.7% were hypertensive and 22.4% have Target Organ Damage. Those on anti-hypertensive medications were 76.4% and normotensive were 55.1%. Individuals having both diabetes and hypertension were 3.3% and 80.2% were hypertensive. Log regression model showed age, smoking, diabetes and family hypertension were predictors of hypertension by 3.6%, 34.9%, 49.7% and 56.8% respectively (P-value <0.05).Conclusion:Prevalence of hypertension among rural Sudan was 15.8%. Family history was the strongest predictor of hypertension.
Highlights
The mortality due to hypertension (HTN) was accounted to 20%–50% of all deaths and the projected number of adults who will have hypertension by 2025 is 1.56 billion (Kearney et al, 2005; Arslantas et al, 2008)
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in sixteen rural areas in Sudan during April 2012
History was the strongest predictor of hypertension
Summary
The mortality due to hypertension (HTN) was accounted to 20%–50% of all deaths and the projected number of adults who will have hypertension by 2025 is 1.56 billion (Kearney et al, 2005; Arslantas et al, 2008). All published studies about hypertension in Sudan targeted small scale studies for different specific population. A study in some referral clinics in Khartoum had shown cardiac, neurological and renal symptoms were the major presenting complaints (Ahmed, 1991). Hypertension was detected in 18.2% of population with different occupations in Khartoum State and 10.2%were known hypertensive (Sherif, Ahmed, & Homeida, 2008). School based study in Khartoum State have shown 4.9% of obese primary school children in age group 6-12 years were hypertensive (Salman, Kirk, & DeBoer, 2011). Hypertension is emerging as an alarming public-health problem causes organ damage
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