Abstract
The aim of this study was to apply a new methodology using the combination of the hyperspectral imaging and the dry blood spot (DBS) collecting. Application of the hyperspectral imaging is fast and non-destructive. DBS method offers the advantage also on the micro-invasive blood collecting and low volume of required sample. During experimental step, the reflected light was recorded by two hyperspectral systems. The collection of 776 spectral bands in the VIS–NIR range (400–1000 nm) and 256 spectral bands in the SWIR range (970–2500 nm) was applied. Pixel has the size of 8 × 8 and 30 × 30 µm for VIS–NIR and SWIR camera, respectively. The obtained data in the form of hyperspectral cubes were treated with chemometric methods, i.e., minimum noise fraction and principal component analysis. It has been shown that the application of these methods on this type of data, by analyzing the scatter plots, allows a rapid analysis of the homogeneity of DBS, and the selection of representative areas for further analysis. It also gives the possibility of tracking the dynamics of changes occurring in biological traces applied on the surface. For the analyzed 28 blood samples, described method allowed to distinguish those blood stains because of time of apply.
Highlights
As an excellent information carrier, blood is the most commonly analyzed biological material in diagnostic, toxicology, and forensic science
Minimum noise fraction (MNF) algorithm successfully distinguished blood spots according to the age in time interval between 0 and 29 days and shorter between minutes range
It provides information on the dynamics of the processes occurring during drying of the blood spots
Summary
As an excellent information carrier, blood is the most commonly analyzed biological material in diagnostic, toxicology, and forensic science. Analyzed material is taken directly from the veins in a liquid form; in certain cases, it is more convenient to analyze blood stains created on a surface. Dried blood spot (DBS) sample collection technique offers a practical and simple alternative to traditional blood collection methods used to create human blood samples for analytes identification. The most benefits of using such a way of microsampling reduced sample amounts (eq 10 μL). The advantage is a low cost of biological sample storage and transport.
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