Abstract
Summary Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction is an unpredictable adverse effect from therapeutics. Diagnosis is not easy and a potentially life-threatening reaction can occur in case of late stop treatment. Abacavir drug hypersensitivity in HIV-treated patients is well known since many years. Some genetic factors such as carriage of allele HLA-B*57:01 is strongly linked to this hypersensitivity syndrome. Recent guidelines have strongly recommended the screening of HLA-B*57:01 before initiation of abacavir containing therapy. To date, the precise mechanisms underlying this intolerance remain unrecognized, but recent publications offer new insights regarding the explanation for abacavir hypersensitivity. Our objective in this article is to provide a review of clinical manifestations, and risk factors and to focus attention on new published models for HLA-B*57:01-linked immune-mediated abacavir-induced hypersensitivity.
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