Abstract

 Objectives: To analyze the relationship between erectile dysfunction and metabolic syndrome in a group of Mexican patients, study the influence of other morbidity factors on erectile dysfunction, and define the specific metabolic syndrome components most associated with erectile dysfunction severity.
 Materials and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of 86 adult Mexican patients previously diagnosed with erectile dysfunction. Participants were classified as presenting with or not presenting with metabolic syndrome. Anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical parameters were determined and erectile dysfunction severity, alcohol or tobacco consumption, and depressive behavior were identified through validated questionnaires. The results were compared between the two groups.
 Results: The anthropometric measures, laboratory values, and clinical characteristics were significantly different between the two groups. More patients with severe and moderate erectile dysfunction were identified in the group with metabolic syndrome. Of the metabolic syndrome components, glycated hemoglobin >5.7% and fasting glucose >110 mg/dl were significantly associated with the development of erectile dysfunction.
 Limitations: The size of our study sample was a limitation, as was the observational and cross-sectional study design.
 Originality: Our study results suggest that metabolic syndrome contributed to the progression of erectile dysfunction in the Mexican sample analyzed, with hyperglycemia being the most strongly associated factor.
 Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome components were shown to aggravate erectile dysfunction, particularly the lack of glycemic control. The inclusion of fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin as complementary biochemical screening in patients with erectile dysfunction should be assessed.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome refers to a set of multifactorial alterations that increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.[1]
Our secondary aims were to study the influence of other morbidity factors on erectile dysfunction and to define the specific metabolic syndrome components most strongly associated with erectile dysfunction severity and progression
Our results agree with those published by Chao et al, who found a significant association between anthropometric parameters, such as central obesity, and erectile dysfunction (p= 0.007).(20) Other studies on different populations have shown that particular relationship.[21] in contrast to our results, there is evidence showing a significant difference in the International Index of Erectile Function-5 score between men that do not present with metabolic syndrome and those that present with the syndrome (21.76 ± 3.59 vs 18.26 ± 5.08 respectively, p
Summary
Metabolic syndrome refers to a set of multifactorial alterations that increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.[1]. [7] an association between erectile dysfunction and hypertension,(10) type 2 diabetes mellitus,(11) cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia,(12) and obesity and central adiposity has been described.[13] Recent studies performed on a Mexican population have confirmed that the lack of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of developing erectile dysfunction.[14]. Despite the publication of many studies on the relation of the different components of metabolic syndrome to erectile dysfunction,(3,5,15) the topic has not been thoroughly explored in the Mexican population, nor have the specific components of that syndrome been emphasized or identified as the most commonly associated with erectile dysfunction, its progression, and its severity. Our secondary aims were to study the influence of other morbidity factors on erectile dysfunction and to define the specific metabolic syndrome components most strongly associated with erectile dysfunction severity and progression
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