Abstract
The transmission of dengue and other medically important mosquito-borne viruses in the westernmost region of Indonesia is not well described. We assessed dengue and Zika virus seroprevalence in Aceh province, the westernmost area of the Indonesian archipelago. Serum samples collected from 199 randomly sampled healthy residents of Aceh Jaya in 2017 were analyzed for neutralizing antibodies by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Almost all study participants (198/199; 99.5%) presented with multitypic profiles of neutralizing antibodies to two or more DENV serotypes, indicating transmission of multiple DENV in the region prior to 2017. All residents were exposed to one or more DENV serotypes by the age of 30 years. The highest geometric mean titers were measured for DENV-4, followed by DENV-1, DENV-2 and DENV-3. Among a subset of 116 sera, 27 neutralized ZIKV with a high stringency (20 with PRNT90 > 10 and 7 with PRNT90 > 40). This study showed that DENV is hyperendemic in the westernmost region of the Indonesian archipelago and suggested that ZIKV may have circulated prior to 2017.
Highlights
Dengue is endemic in Indonesia and was first reported in 1968 [1,2,3]
A recent assessment of sera collected during 2014 in Indonesia found that 98.6% of serum samples neutralized one or more DENV serotypes and 50.9% neutralized more than one serotype [12]
All four DENV serotypes circulated in Aceh prior to 2017
Summary
Dengue molecular epidemiology studies were conducted in major Indonesian cities and regions, including Bali [4], Jakarta [5], Jambi [6], Makassar [7], Semarang [8], Sukabumi [9], Surabaya [10], and Purwokerto [11]. These studies characterized circulating DENV serotypes, genotypes and lineages (reviewed in [3]).
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