Hyperemesis gravidarum is not a negative contributing factor for postpartum bone mineral density

Abstract

BackgroundHyperemesis gravidarum (HG), related to protracted vomiting and nausea, is a common cause of hospitalization during the first trimester of pregnancy. It can be accompanied by ketonuria, dehydration, and weight loss. Our aim was to investigate bone loss in patients with HG. MethodsIn our study, we investigated decreased bone mineral density (BMD)in a total of 79 patients (40 HG and 39 control) by means of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) measurements and laboratory parameters related to HG. All patients received DEXA measurement during the early postpartum period (usually two days after delivery, prior to discharge).This study was registered in the database via the Protocol Registration and Results System (PRS) (NCT03127293). ResultsThere was no significant difference in DEXA results (lumbar spine and total hip) and laboratory parameters between case and control groups, although a significant difference in vitamin intake was identified between cases and controls (65% vs. 92%, respectively, p = 0.003). Except for low serum levels of vitamin D, other laboratory parameters were in normal range in both groups. ConclusionPregnancies complicated by HG did not have decreased bone mineral density compared to those without HG. There is no evidence to relate HG to future osteoporosis.