Hypercalcemia in Primary Hyperparathyroidism with Manifestations of Acute Pancreatitis

Abstract

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism can result in hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia which can cause gastrointestinal symptoms, electrolyte disturbances, renal dysfunction, and acute pancreatitis. The association between pancreatitis and primary hyperparathyroidism is rarely discussed. Case Illustration: We report a 32-year-old man who presented with a history of abdominal pain, nephrolithiasis, and increasing calcium serum. Primary hyperparathyroidism was overlooked until the patient was referred due to pancreatitis. The patient had additional risk factors for pancreatitis such as a history of alcohol consumption and hypertriglyceridemia. The patient had a worsening condition and died because of a septic condition and multiple organ failure. Conclusion: Hyperparathyroidism can cause acute pancreatitis through hypercalcemia with the mechanisms of trypsinogen activation, pancreatic duct obstruction, and genetics. In patients with acute pancreatitis with hypercalcemia, further hyperparathyroidism evaluation is necessary.