基于“HY-LM”的生态廊道与生态节点综合识别研究

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PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于“HY-LM”的生态廊道与生态节点综合识别研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202101240248 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（31901363）；湖南省研究生科研创新项目资助（CX20200701）；中南林业科技大学研究生科技创新基金资助（CX20201016）；湖南省"双一流"建设项目资助（湘教通[2018]469号） Comprehensive identification of eco-corridors and eco-nodes based on principle of hydrological analysis and Linkage Mapper Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:传统的生态网络或生态安全格局构建研究中，多基于最小累积阻力模型（MCR）提取最小费用路径作为生态廊道，并人工判别生态节点，这种方式缺少对生态过程中能量流、信息流等交换过程的考虑，导致生态网络在结构、功能上存在一定的缺失。以福建省上杭县为例，以上杭县森林公园、湿地保护区、自然保护区等为主要生态源地，从陆生动物迁移特征出发选取土地覆被类型、距道路距离、地形起伏度、坡度、距水域距离、NDVI植被指数等因素为阻力因子，利用熵权法获得权重加权叠加生成综合阻力面，运用水文分析原理Hydrology （HY）和Linkage Mapper工具箱（LM）中电路理论等方法综合识别生态廊道和生态节点，运用重力模型对生态廊道重要性进行评价并对生态廊道和生态节点划分等级。研究结果如下：（1）基于LM方法共提取187条生态廊道，生态夹点52个，生态障碍点55个，基于HY方法共提取生态廊道240条，生态节点133个；（2） LM和HY提取的生态廊道和生态节点进行叠加，共提取生态廊道197条，辐射道30条，生态节点283个；（3）运用重力模型提取关键生态廊道103条（含辐射道30条），一般生态廊道124条，同时判别关键生态节点97个，一般生态节点186个，关键生态廊道和关键生态节点主要集中在高阻力和较高阻力值集中的区域，关键生态节点多分布在生态源地周围；（4）对关键生态廊道、关键生态节点缓冲区所在区域土地覆被类型构成进行分析，森林、耕地和草地等土地覆被类型占比具有绝对优势，并从生态连通性和生境质量角度针对各土地覆被类型提出了优化及生态建设策略。研究结果可为区域生态网络安全格局构建、国土空间规划与生态系统修复等研究提供参考，同时也为生物多样性保护与生态文明建设提供科学依据。 Abstract:In the traditional studies on the construction of ecological network or ecological security pattern, based on the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model to extract the minimum cost path as ecological corridor, and artificial ecological node. But it lacks consideration of the exchange process such as energy flow and information flow in the ecological process, which leads to some deficiencies in the structure and function of the ecological network. We selected Shanghang County in Fujian Province as study area. We selected the national forestry parks, wetland reserves, nature reserves etc. as the main ecological sources and took land cover types, distance to roads, relief, slope, distance to water, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and other factors as resistance factors. Based on migration characteristics of terrestrial animals, we used entropy weight method to obtain the weight for the weighted superposition to generate a comprehensive resistance surface. Then we used hydrological analysis principles (HY) and circuit theory in Linkage Mapper toolbox (LM) to comprehensively identify eco-corridors and eco-nodes. The gravity model is used to evaluate the importance of eco-corridors and eco-nodes and classify them into different levels. The research results showed that:(1) a total of 187 eco-corridors, 52 ecological pinch points and 55 ecological barrier points were extracted based on the LM method, and 240 eco-corridors and 133 eco-nodes were extracted based on the HY method; (2) The eco-corridors and eco-nodes extracted by LM and HY were superimposed, and a total of 197 eco-corridors, 30 radiation corridors, and 283 eco-nodes were extracted; (3) Using the gravity model, we extracted key 103 eco-corridors (including 30 radiation corridors), 124 general eco-corridors, at the same time identified 97 key eco-nodes and 186 generally eco-nodes. The key eco-corridors and key eco-nodes were mainly concentrated in areas with high resistance values and relatively high resistance values, and the key eco-nodes distribution around the ecological source; (4) Based on the analysis of the composition of land cover types in areas where key eco-corridors and key eco-nodes buffer areas located, it is found that the proportion of forest, farmland and grassland had the absolute advantage, and optimization and ecological construction strategies were proposed for each type of land cover due to ecological connectivity and habitat quality. The results can provide reference for network construction of ecological security pattern in local, national spatial planning and ecosystem restoration, and also can provide scientific basis for biodiversity protection and ecological civilization construction. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献