Abstract
Background: Poor milk handling practices due to lack of knowledge or deliberate adulteration compromises the safety of milk and that of the consumer. With the increase of milk vending machines in informal settlements, the knowledge and practices of vendors concerning milk hygiene are critical in determining milk safety. The operation of milk vending machines is guided by strict regulations that aim at ensuring proper practices among milk handlers, but the level of implementation among milk vendors is questionable. This study sought to establish hygienic knowledge and handling practices of vendors operating milk vending machines in Nairobi’s informal settlements of Kibra and Dagoretti North. Methods: Using a cross-sectional study design, 37 milk vendors were interviewed at the study setting with the aid of questionnaires. Data was then recorded in datasheets and analyzed using frequencies, correlation, and t-test with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Results: The mean percentage score for knowledge and practices was 68.83% and 54.05%, respectively. The knowledge and practices of vendors significantly improved with the increase in their level of education (p=0.04 and p=0.02). There was a significantly positive correlation between knowledge and practices (r=0.626, p=0.000). Conclusions: There is a low level of hygienic knowledge and poor practices among vendors operating milk vending machines in the study area. The efforts by the regulator to ensure proper implementation of the regulations was also not sufficient. Training is required to improve the hygienic knowledge and practices of milk vending machine handlers in informal settlements. Frequent inspections should also be carried out in the informal settlements to ensure proper implementation of regulations on the operation of milk vending machines.
Highlights
IntroductionLow incomes, weak government structures, and poor enforcement of regulations have led to the rapid growth of the informal sector
In most developing countries, low incomes, weak government structures, and poor enforcement of regulations have led to the rapid growth of the informal sector
The level of hygiene knowledge among handlers in this study increased with increase in the level of education, this could be because one’s general understanding of hygiene and possible compromises to food safety improves as one progresses with education, and these findings are in tandem with those of other studies (Blackmore et al, 2015), which found the knowledge of handlers being influenced by the level of education
Summary
Low incomes, weak government structures, and poor enforcement of regulations have led to the rapid growth of the informal sector. With the increase of milk vending machines in informal settlements, the knowledge and practices of vendors concerning milk hygiene are critical in determining milk safety. The operation of milk vending machines is guided by strict regulations that aim at ensuring proper practices among milk handlers, but the level of implementation among milk vendors is questionable. This study sought to establish hygienic knowledge and handling practices of vendors operating milk vending machines in Nairobi’s informal settlements of Kibra and Dagoretti North. Conclusions: There is a low level of hygienic knowledge and poor practices among vendors operating milk vending machines in the study area. Frequent inspections should be carried out in the informal settlements to ensure proper implementation of regulations on the operation of milk vending machines
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