Hygienic assessment of the peculiarities of the processes of formation of psychophysiological functions and the regularity of the course of psychophysiological adaptation of students at the stage of acquiring professional competences in sci. disciplines

Abstract

Hygienic assessment of the peculiarities of the processes of formation of psychophysiological functions and the regularity of the course of psychophysiological adaptation of students at the stage of acquiring professional competences in general scientific (fundamental) disciplines
 
 Annotation. An important component of scientific research aimed at the hygienic characterization of the processes of professional adaptation is an in-depth analysis of the features of the formation and development of psychophysiological and physical correlates of the functional state of the organism of young women and young men in natural conditions of being in a higher education institution. The aim of the work was to carry out a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the peculiarities of the processes of formation of psychophysiological functions and to establish the regularities of the course of psychophysiological adaptation of students at the stage of acquiring professional competences from general scientific (fundamental) disciplines. The scientific study involved the study of the peculiarities of the formation of criterial professionally significant psychophysiological functions by conducting cross-sections in the middle of each of the academic years, related to the acquisition of professional competences from general scientific (fundamental) disciplines. 3 comparison groups were formed, which included 192 students of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years of the Faculty of Medicine. The characteristics of the processes of formation and development of psychophysiological functions at various stages of acquiring a medical profession were studied using the methods generally accepted in the practice of hygienic research. The obtained results were subjected to statistical processing using the statistical analysis package “Statistica 6.1”. In the course of the conducted research, the most typical types of changes in the state of criterion indicators of the psychophysiological characteristics of the students’ organism were found: stable (type 1, which was characterized by the absence of any significant changes during the study period – indicators of coordination of movements in young women); growing (type 2, which consists in the gradual and steady improvement of the degree of development of criterion indicators of psychophysiological functions during the study period – speed of visual-motor reaction, balance of nervous processes, accuracy of linear measurement, muscle strength and muscle endurance in young women, speed of visual-motor reaction, critical frequency of fusion of light flashes, muscle strength in young men); parabolic with priority development of functions during the first and second years of schooling (type 3 – mobility of nervous processes in young women, accuracy of linear measurement, coordination of movements in young men); parabolic with priority development of functions during the second to third years of education (type 4 – critical frequency of the fusion of light flashes in young women, mobility of nervous processes, balance of nervous processes, muscular endurance in young men). The obtained results should be used in the future for the scientific justification of effective health-preserving technologies with the purpose of creating a preventive educational space.