Hydrothermic aging of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride): Its effect on the dielectric, thermal, and mechanical properties

Abstract

Accelerated hydrolytic aging (according to the NFT 5166 method) was performed on samples of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plasticized with dioctylphthalate (DOP) and dinonyladipate (DNA) at different concentration ratios. The aging test consisted of immersing the samples in boiling water at 100°C. The samples were removed from water regularly, that is, every 2 h, for mechanical, thermal, and dielectric characterizations. Thermograms of PVC plasticized with DOP revealed no migration of the plasticizer independent of the concentration used. Moreover, the thermal stability of the samples was not affected by the hydrothermal aging. However, for PVC samples plasticized with DNA, a small amount of the plasticizer migrated from the polymer matrix with a considerable effect on the thermal stability. In fact, the data indicated a decrease in the decomposition temperature from 275 to 225°C, particularly for samples containing 50% (w/w) DNA immersed up to 10 h. The mechanical results showed that for a plasticizer content greater than 30% (w/w), the strain at break obtained for samples plasticized with DNA was lower than that for samples plasticized with DOP because the DNA molecules were more likely to be removed by water on account of their polarity and dimension. Finally, the dielectric measurements showed that the permittivity of all the PVC samples plasticized with DOP and immersed in boiling water was higher than that of the virgin samples. On the contrary, the permittivity of the aged unplasticized PVC was less than that of the nonimmersed samples. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 3447–3457, 2003