Abstract
Energy needs in Indonesia always increase along with population growth and industrial growth. On the other hand, the abundant availability of biomass waste, especially teak sawdust and corn cobs, encouraged researchers to find the right technique for converting biomass waste to make the waste an alternative energy source. Hydrothermal Treatment is one of the techniques for thermal biomass conversion that can convert biomass into coal-like material called hydrochar. The biomass waste is in a heterogeneous or mixed state.The purpose of this study is to obtain the optimum composition of the biomass mixture to make solid fuels using the hydrothermal treatment method and to do a regression analysis to estimate heating value based on proximate analysis. The biomass waste used in this study was teak sawdust and corn cobs powder. The results from this study are the highest yield of hydrochar in the hydrothermal treatment process of teak sawdust which is equal to 68.1% and the highest calor value in the hydrothermal treatment of biomass with the same composition which is equal to 5402 cal / gram. An equation to predict the value calor hydrochar is HHV = 0.837 (% AC) +0.152 (% VM) +0.389 (% FC) -0.022 (% WC) with an absolute error of 4.11% and a relative error of 0.28 %
Highlights
Pertambahan jumlah penduduk, kemajuan teknologi, dan peningkatan perekonomian menyebabkan peningkatan konsumsi energi diIndonesia
Energy needs in Indonesia always increase along
encouraged researchers to find the right technique for converting biomass waste to make the waste an alternative energy source
Summary
Pertambahan jumlah penduduk, kemajuan teknologi, dan peningkatan perekonomian menyebabkan peningkatan konsumsi energi diIndonesia. Terdapat dua metode analisis yang umum dilakukan untuk menganalisis biomassa dan produk bahan bakar padat, yaitu analisis proksimat dan analisis ultimat. Sedangkan analisis ultimat digunakan untuk mengetahui kadar karbon, hidrogen, sulfur serta nilai kalor suatu biomassa dan produk bahan bakar padat (Kartika, 2015). Penelitian lain menyebutkan bahwa didapatkan bahan bakar padat dari limbah industri minyak sawit dengan nilai kalor lebih tinggi yaitu 29.7 MJ/kg dan dengan residence time yang jauh lebih singkat yaitu selama 30 menit (Yuliansyah, 2010). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memperoleh komposisi campuran biomassa yang optimum untuk membuat bahan bakar padat dengan menggunakan metode hydrothermal treatment serta melakukan analisis regresi untuk memperkirakan harga nilai kalor berdasarkan analisis proksimat. Langkah yang sama dilakukan untuk proses hydrothermal dengan perbandingan serbuk tongkol jagung dan serbuk gergaji kayu jati 75%:25%; 50%:50%; 25%:75%; dan 0%:100%. Melalui perhitungan analisis regresi multivariat dengan bantuan Menu Data Analisis pada Microsoft Excel seri 2007 akan diperoleh persamaan untuk memprediksi nilai kalor hydrochar
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