Abstract
This study represents that a facile and efficient hydrothermal method has been developed for the synthesis of sodium vanadium oxide (Na2V6O16·3H2O) nanobelts with lengths varying from hundreds of nanometres up to a few micrometres, and widths ranging from 80 to 250nm. These Na2V6O16·3H2O nanobelts transform into Na1.08V3O8 nanorods by calcination at 350°C for 3h and this results in a slight shrinkage. This material has been characterized and examined in terms of its gas sensing properties and it was found that the Na1.08V3O8 nanorods exhibit a good sensitivity towards alcohol(s), and acetone at the optimized operating temperature of 260°C. The as-prepared Na1.08V3O8 nanorods displayed a higher sensitivity towards ethanol than pure V2O5 nanobelts and metal oxide-coated/doped V2O5 nanobelts, as a result of the existence of extra Na+ ions and the decreased electronegativity of V ions that can enhance the gas molecule adsorption and hence the sensing performance. Density functional theory (DFT) simulation has also been carried out to understand the sensing mechanism. This study would be useful for developing sodium vanadium oxide nanostructures as potential gas sensor materials.
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