Abstract
Novel magnetically separable Bi2O2CO3/CoFe2O4 nanocomposites were fabricated by a feasible hydrothermal route. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis were employed to examine the structure, morphology, particle size, phase composition, optical and magnetic properties of the as-synthesized nanocomposites. The results of the findings showed demonstrated the successful coupling of spherical CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and plate-like Bi2O2CO3 nanostructures. The catalytic performance of magnetic Bi2O2CO3/CoFe2O4 nanocamposites was evaluated in the reduction of some aromatic nitrocompounds such as nitrophenols and nitroanilines by using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) aqueous solution at room temperature. The Bi2O2CO3/CoFe2O4 nanocamposite with 30 %wt. CoFe2O4 exhibited the best performance in the reduction of aromatic nitrocompounds with 100% conversion into the corresponding amino compounds within 15-30 min with rate constant of 0.10-0.24 min-1. The effect of catalyst dosage was also investigated on the efficiency of reduction process. Furthermore, magnetic Bi2O2CO3/CoFe2O4 nanocomposite could be easily removed by an external magnet from the reaction system.
Highlights
Nitrophenols are one of the most organic pollutants in industrial and agricultural waste waters.[1,2] Nitrophenols and their derivatives are significant by-products produced from pesticides, herbicides and synthetic dyes.[3,4,5] Among them, 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) is well known to cause damage to the central nervous system, liver, kidney and both animal and human blood
Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded on a Schimadzu system FT-IR 8400S spectrophotometer in transmission mode from 4000 to 400 cm–1 using KBr pellets. the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples were obtained on an X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku D-max C III) using Ni-filtered Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å) UV–vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS) was performed on a Snico S4100 spectrophotometer over the spectral range 200–1000 nm by using BaSO4 as the reference
The solution was quickly subjected to UV–Vis measurements; Afterward, the absorbance of the solution was in situ measured every several minutes (2 min) in the scanning range of 200–500 nm to obtain the successive change about the reaction
Summary
Nitrophenols are one of the most organic pollutants in industrial and agricultural waste waters.[1,2] Nitrophenols and their derivatives are significant by-products produced from pesticides, herbicides and synthetic dyes.[3,4,5] Among them, 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) is well known to cause damage to the central nervous system, liver, kidney and both animal and human blood. Some studies have focused on the fabrication of bismuth subcarbonate (Bi2O2CO3) and its composites.[35] Up to now, many kinds of Bi2O2CO3-based hybrid composites such as Bi2O2CO3/β-Bi2O3,36 Bi2O2CO3/MoS2,37 Bi2O2CO3/BiOX (X= Cl, Br and I),[38,39,40] Bi2O2CO3/Bi2WO6,41 Bi2O2CO3/Bi2S3,42 Bi2O2CO3/CdS,[43] Bi2O2CO3/BiPO4,44 g-C3N4/Bi2O2CO3,45 Ag2O/Bi2O2CO3,46 Ag/AgBr/Bi2O2CO3,47 Ag3PO4/Bi2O2CO3,48 Ag2CO3/Bi2O2CO349 and MWCNTs/Bi2O2CO350 have been successfully synthesized, which showed enhanced catalytic or photocatalytic stability and activity than Bi2O2CO3 alone Most of these composites are difficult to separate and recycle, seriously limiting their extensive application. This study provides a promising candidate for efficient removal of nitrophenols from water by an environment-friendly and economical approach
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