Abstract
Hydrothermal treatment is one of the thermochemical methods to convert complex organic compounds, such as organic waste and biomass, into upgraded solid, bio-oil, and other dissolved chemicals by utilizing the properties of water at near critical condition. Such method is very potential since the process is environmentally friendly and the products have more added values. In this research, conversion of mahogany sawdust (Swietenia macrophylla) using hydrothermal treatment method was studied. The experiments were conducted in a batch autoclave with temperature range of 200-300oC and initial pressure of 1 MPa. At targeted temperature, the process was hold for 30 minutes. In addition, biomass-water ratio (B/W ratio) for experiments was varied at 1:20, 2:20 and 3:20. The liquid products, which were characterized by Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC/MS) instrument, showed the presence of furfural and several organic acids, but no flavonoid compounds. Thus, coloring potential test of hydrothermal liquid was unsuccessful; there were not any color attached on the cloth specimen. On the other hand, proximate and ultimate test results indicated that solid products had high heating value (HHV) of 4625.34-4876.25 cal/g which were comparable to that of sub-bituminous coal.
Highlights
As development progresses in Indonesia, the demand for wooden equipment such as furniture and other household appliances is increasing
Test the potential of the liquid product as a dye Coloring test was conducted by soaking a cotton cloth in liquid solution of hydrothermal treatment for 30 minutes, and continued in fixator solution others 0.26% lignin 35.40%
Based on the experimental results, it can be concluded that hydrothermal treatment could be an alternative solution to convert waste mahogany sawdust into more valuable products, in the form of liquid solution and solid fuel
Summary
As development progresses in Indonesia, the demand for wooden equipment such as furniture and other household appliances is increasing. The government's policy of loosening the export of sawn timber increases the sawmill activities This is indicated from the data on sawn wood production which has increased within 2009-2013 from 710,208 m3 to 1,217,868 m3 (BPS, 2015). Mahogany sawdust is one of the potential biomass sources in Indonesia. Hydrothermal treatment is a method for biomass conversion which has attracted many attentions recently In this method, complex organic compounds of biomass are converted into upgraded solid, bio-oil, and other dissolved chemicals by utilizing the properties of water at near critical condition (Sasaki et al, 2003; Yuliansyah et al, 2010). Hydrothermal treatment was applied to convert mahogany sawdust into solid and liquid products. By characterizing both products, their further potential utilization will be studied. A test on the potential coloring of hydrothermal liquid as natural dye for textile will investigated
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