Abstract
It has never been more important than now to address the growing problem of unmanaged municipal solid waste (MSW) in developing countries. This study deals with hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of food waste (FW) at temperatures of 180 °C, 210 °C and 240 °C for a fixed period of 6 h to produce hydrochar (H) using leachate (L) as an alternative moisture source. As the process temperature increases from180°C to 240 °C, the mass yield (MY) for FW hydrochar produced from leachate (FWH-L) decreases from 54.06 % to 43.25 % while the higher heating value (HHV) rises from around 21 MJ/kg to 29 MJ/kg. The MY and HHV of FWH-L were comparable with FWH produced conventionally using distilled water (FWH-DW). The results obtained from Van Krevelen diagram indicates that FWH falls under the lignite coal category. Moreover, FWH can be used as a sustainable alternative solid fuel because of HHV values compared to raw food waste (16.13 MJ/kg).
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