Hydrophobic Formulations Based on Tall Oil Distillation Products for High-Density Fiberboards.

Reza Hosseinpourpia,Thomas Walther,Stergios Adamopoulos,Valeri Naydenov

doi:10.3390/ma13184025

Reza Hosseinpourpia, Thomas Walther + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13184025

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Abstract

This study investigates the effect of renewable formulations based on tall oil bio-refinery products on the water vapor sorption and interfiber strength of cellulosic fibers as well as on the properties of high-density fiberboard (HDF) panels. The results obtained for HDF prepared using renewable formulations were compared to the results for HDF obtained using conventional synthetic paraffin wax (hydrowax), which is the hydrophobic agent currently utilized by the industry. Four tall oil distillation products (TODPs) with different levels of fatty and rosin acids were used for preparing the hydrophobic formulations with furfuryl alcohol as an organic solvent. According to determinations with an automated vapor sorption apparatus, the formulations had a similar effect with hydrowax on the sorption behavior of natural fibers. Unlike to hydrowax treatment, the ultimate tensile strength of cellulosic paper-sheets treated with the formulations remained unchanged or significantly increased. At the standard addition load of 1% (wt/wt dry fibers) of the formulations, HDF panels showed comparable and only in one case, e.g., TODP3-based formulation, slightly higher thickness swelling (24 h) than those with hydrowax. The best performing formulation (TODP2-based) in terms of tensile strength of paper sheets did not significantly change the mechanical properties of HDF panels in both standard climate and high humid conditions. Promising results at the standard and humid climate conditions were obtained for HDF panels manufactured with higher TODP2-based formulation amounts (3–5%) and reduced melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin content (10–12% instead of 14%, wt dry resin/wt dry fibers).

Highlights

For fiberboard manufacturing, refined lignocellulosic fibers are combined with formaldehydebased synthetic resins such as urea and melamine-urea formaldehyde, and joined together under heat and pressure to form panels
Promising results at the standard and humid climate conditions were obtained for high-density fiberboard (HDF) panels manufactured with higher TODP2-based formulation amounts (3–5%) and reduced melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin content (10–12% instead of 14%, wt dry resin/wt dry fibers)
TODP1 and 2 products are obtained from different points of the refining process, with different degree of refining as well as with different commercial value

Summary

Introduction

For fiberboard manufacturing, refined lignocellulosic fibers are combined with formaldehydebased synthetic resins such as urea and melamine-urea formaldehyde, and joined together under heat and pressure to form panels. Fiberboards can be classified depending on their density. Low-density fiberboard (LDF) has a density less than 400 kg·m−3 , medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Has a density range of 400~800 kg·m−3 and high-density fiberboard (HDF) has densities between 800 and. Like solid wood and other wood-based composites, fiberboard is a hygroscopic material; its moisture content depends on the surrounding relative humidity and temperature [1]. During processing, finishing and in service, fiberboard panels are exposed to extensive changes in ambient relative humidity, which directly affect the properties of final products, i.e., thickness swelling and linear

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