Abstract
Humidity in the air can significantly limit the adsorption capacity of porous materials used for the removal of chemical warfare agents (CWAs). Therefore, in this work, we prepared a porous organic material (C-1) and its fluoride derivative (C-1-F) via a Schiff base reaction and determined their structure and morphological properties, hydrophobicity, and adsorption capacity. Compared to the parent C-1 material, both the channel and particle surface of C-1-F were highly hydrophobic, thus stabilizing the fluorinated porous material under various humidity conditions. Dimethyl methyl phosphonate was used as a nerve agent simulant to examine the efficiency of the synthesized porous materials, indicating that C-1-F had a higher adsorption capacity than C-1 under dry conditions. Moreover, unlike C-1, the adsorption capacity of hydrophobic C-1-F was not affected even under a relative humidity of 20%, and it is still able to maintain high adsorption capacity at a relative humidity of 60%, suggesting its high application potential in the removal of CWAs.
Highlights
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) have been widely used in World Wars I and II, leading to massive human casualties due to their strong toxicity, rapid action, and low lethal inhalation dose
The results showed that the fluorinated Porous organic frameworks (POFs) had a significantly enhanced adsorption capacity for dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) compared to C-1 under both dry and wet air conditions
Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR) spectroscopy was used to confirm the successful preparation of C-1 and C-1-F
Summary
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) have been widely used in World Wars I and II, leading to massive human casualties due to their strong toxicity, rapid action, and low lethal inhalation dose. CWAs have been banned by the Chemical Weapons Convention, they can be obtained by terrorist organizations, posing a global threat. Porous materials have been extensively studied for the adsorption and catalysis of CWAs [2–12]. It is expected that POFs would effectively adsorb CWAs due their large surface area, tunable pore size, and functionable channel. Their use for the removal of CWAs has not yet been reported, indicating that additional hydrophobic porous materials with high adsorption capacity need to be explored. The results showed that the fluorinated POF had a significantly enhanced adsorption capacity for DMMP compared to C-1 under both dry and wet air conditions
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