Abstract
Surface potential measurements allowed insight into two different types of hydration effects induced by surface-active substances: hydrophobic and hydrophilic hydration. Depending on the hydrophilic character of the head group and on both the length and the sterical effects of the alkyl chains, these two different hydration terms contribute to the polarization effect within the uppermost water layer in a different manner: at low surface pressures, hydrophilic hydration becomes dominant provided that the head group is of very hydrophilic character, while at high surface pressures a dehydration of the hydrophilic water complexes occurs and long-range hydrophobic hydration is dominant, if no sterical hindrances prevent the molecules from undergoing optimum hydrophobic interactions.
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