Abstract
The carboxymethylated derivatives of starch (CMS) and cellulose (CMC) were used for film preparation. The infrared spectroscopy revealed that crosslinking via ester bridges with citric acid occurred between the two polysaccharide derivatives. The effect of polysaccharide derivatives ratio on physicochemical properties of prepared films was evaluated. Generally, the values of tested parameters (moisture absorption, surface roughness, and mechanical and thermal properties) were between the values noted for neat CMS or CMC-based films. However, the physicochemical properties of the system with equal CMS/CMC weight ratio diverged from this trend, i.e., the highest tensile strength, the highest Young’s modulus (ca. 3.4 MPa and ca. 4.9 MPa, respectively), with simultaneously the lowest moisture absorption (18.5% after 72 h) have been noted. Such systems could potentially find application in agriculture or pharmacy.
Highlights
The growing interest in the polysaccharide-based films is observed in recent decade
Unlike native starch and cellulose, these derivatives are soluble in cold water, their physicochemical properties depend greatly on degree of substitution (DS), which is the average number of hydroxyl groups substituted in a recurrent polysaccharide unit [1]
The spectra of polysaccharide derivatives showed a wide absorption band between 3600–3000 cm−1 and at 2900 cm−1 attributed to hydroxyl groups and to CH2 stretching vibrations, respectively [1]
Summary
Starch and cellulose are the most abundant, non-toxic, and biodegradable biopolymers. Their carboxymethylation (by substitution of hydroxyl groups with monochloroacetic acid or sodium monochloroacetate, in the presence of strong alkali) results in obtaining ionic ether derivatives: carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), respectively. Unlike native starch and cellulose, these derivatives are soluble in cold water, their physicochemical properties depend greatly on degree of substitution (DS), which is the average number of hydroxyl groups substituted in a recurrent polysaccharide unit [1]. The carboxymethylated polysaccharide derivatives are used in many fields of application, like food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, or paper industries [2]. Carboxymethyl starch has been reported as a hydrophilic film forming polymer [3].
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