Abstract
The surface and aggregation properties of a synthetic, highly water-soluble carotenoid, the tetracationic astaxanthin-lysine conjugate (Asly), have been examined through measurements of surface tension, optical absorption and dynamic light scattering. The following parameters were determined: critical aggregation concentration c M, surface concentration Γ, molecular area a m, free energy of adsorption and aggregation ( Δ G ad ° and Δ G M ° , respectively), and the aggregate size r H. The compound forms true monomolecular solutions in water below c M; aggregates emerge only at rather high concentrations (≥2.18 mM).
Published Version
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