Hydrometeorological Data Analysis and Drought Indices of Rawandoz Area, Iraqi-Kurdistan Region

Abstract

Water balancing techniques are strategies for resolving key theoretic and applied hydrologic challenges. The primary goals of the study are to examine the climatic characteristics and conditions that will be utilized in the water balancing approach used in the Rawandoz located in northeastern Iraq. The meteorological data from Soran meteorological station’s 2000 to 2020 were applied to analyze the climate patterns of the research region. The annual rainfall average is 750.50 mm, while the annual evaporation is 1497.80 mm. The average monthly humidity, temperature, and sunshine remained 73.8 percent, 18.50 °C, and 8 hours/day, respectively. The Kharrufa technique has been calculated the potential evapotranspiration (PET), water deficit and surplus and the Soil Conservation Service method (SCS) has been used to calculate surface runoff (Rs). The annual potential evapotranspiration, water surplus, and deficit are calculated to be 1900.27 mm, 430.10 mm, and 1579.90 mm, respectively, with an annual runoff of 376 mm. The standardized precipitation index (SPI) was produced to assess climatic drought over a variety of duration; the mean value is 0.562, indicating that the area is moist. The results of many climate classification reveal that the study area in humid to moist climate classification.