Abstract
This paper deals with the mechanical behaviour, especially the permanent deformation and resilient deformation of an unbound granular material (UGM) from Bréfauchet quarry which is used as base layer material in low traffic pavements for full-scale tests at IFSTTAR in France. Medium-scale repeated load triaxial tests (RLTT) are carried out at different water contents and the results show that both permanent and resilient deformations increase with water content. Besides, two techniques of fixing the sensors in materials with large particles for RLTTs are proposed and compared with each other. The results suggest that the tube method is more suitable for the UGM for an accurate measurement and a good adaptability is obtained during the RLTT. Based on the test results of UGM Bréfauchet, the modelling work is performed with improved models used previously for a sandy material. It appears that both the permanent and resilient behaviours of different unbound granular materials can be well captured by the proposed equations considering the effects of water content and anisotropy. This study is helpful to understand the evolution of permanent and resilient deformation in different granular layers, especially for the base layer, in low traffic pavements. The verified models can be used for other similar granular materials and this will lead to reducing the number of tests required to predict the deformation behaviour of granular materials.
Highlights
Flexible road pavements consist in upper asphalt layers over one or more unbound granular layers which are together compacted over a suitable soil subgrade
The response of unbound granular materials gives rise in resilient and permanent deformations when subjected to repeated loading
At water content of w = 5.6%, the sample is rapidly destroyed under the repeated loading
Summary
Flexible road pavements consist in upper asphalt layers over one or more unbound granular layers which are together compacted over a suitable soil subgrade. Unbound granular materials (UGM) are continuously graded granular materials, consisting in general of crushed rock particles. They usually contain a certain amount of fines The response of unbound granular materials gives rise in resilient and permanent deformations when subjected to repeated loading. Well understanding of the UGM mechanical behaviour (especially the permanent and resilient deformation behaviour) is very helpful for the pavement design and maintenance
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