Abstract
Two types of lipase, Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) and porcine pancreas lipase (PPL), were used to hydrolyze virgin coconut oil (VCO). The hydrolysis process was carried out under four parameters, VCO to buffer ratio, lipase concentration, pH, and temperature, which have a significant effect on hydrolysis of lipase. CRL obtained the best hydrolysis condition at 1 : 5 of VCO to buffer ratio, 1.5% of CRL concentration, pH 7, and temperature of 40°C. Meanwhile, PPL gave different results at 1 : 4 of VCO to buffer ratio, 2% of lipase concentration, pH 7.5, and 40°C. The highest hydrolysis degree of CRL and PPL was obtained after 16 hours and 26 hours, reaching 79.64% and 27.94%, respectively. Besides, the hydrolysis process was controlled at different time course (every half an hour) at the first 4 hours of reaction to compare the initial hydrolysis degree of these two lipase types. FFAs from hydrolyzed products were isolated and determined the percentage of each fatty acid which contributes to the FFAs mixture. As a result, medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) made up the main contribution in composition of FFAs and lauric acid (C12) was the largest segment (47.23% for CRL and 44.23% for PPL).
Highlights
Virgin coconut oil (VCO) contains a great deal of medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) especially lauric acid
Because catalytic activity of lipase is conducted on emulsion of oil and water, increasing the amount of buffer will have more links between oil and water which were formed as well as having more substrates for lipase to catalyze hydrolysis reaction, leading to the rise of hydrolysis degree
The excess amount of buffer will decline the catalytic ability of lipase significantly because there is the competition of substrate
Summary
Virgin coconut oil (VCO) contains a great deal of MCFAs especially lauric acid (nearly 50%). There is a variety of benefits from MCFAs in VCO; for example, the MCFAs are digested and converted into energy in the liver directly. This makes MCFAs do not take part in the synthesis of cholesterol or deposit fat in body [1]. Valente et al (2017) showed that MCFAs in VCO can control overweight condition for women [2]. Parfene et al (2013) showed that MCFAs in crude coconut oil could inhibit Yarrowia lipolytica [3]. Extracting FFAs from VCO is necessary to apply in further research because of their potential abilities
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