Abstract
A review of the hydrology and an account of hydrological changes in the southeastern arm of Lake Tanganyika between July 1960 and January 1962 are given. Thermal stratification broke down here in July 1960 and 1961, and instability and vertical mixing persisted throughout each cool season until restratification in September. The distribution of dissolved oxygen in this period in 1961 indicated upwelling which, it is suggested, was caused by internal seiche movements. The effects of these movements may have been brought closer to the southern shore by a downward, northward tilt of the isotherms under strong southerly winds. A possible form of the seiche is discussed.Phytoplankton is more abundant in the large bays than in the open lake. In 1960 and 1961, phytoplankton maxima caused by local overturn occurred from July to September, and secondary maxima occurred in November–December, caused either by a lifting of the thermocline or the effects of the first rains. Nitzschia spp. dominated the phytoplankton except in November–December, when Anabaena increased considerably. Some effects of hyrological changes and plankton periodicity on the biology of the important sardines and Lates spp. are discussed.
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