Abstract
Water management in morocco faces significant challenges in both levels, quality and quantity, in order to address these challenges and to secure the rational and efficient management of water resources, it is necessary to try to understand the different issues involved in the water cycle works! The large number of hydrological studies and techniques used at the Sebou watershed are limited to water quality, and the use of the simpler empirical models, that, do not permit to take into consideration all the factors affecting flow and cycle of water. In the purpose of using the hydrological model SWAT to study the hydrological functioning of the Sebou watershed (Morocco) which faces many problems regarding the management of its water resources like all the other watersheds in our country, this study focuses on the creation, organization and generation of input data (soil, soil occupation, climate…) using a GIS (ARCGIS) then, the configuration and calibration of the model and after that, the evaluation of the results. The main reason behind this work is to measure the adaptability of this model to the selected area in order to generalize the model to the whole Sebou watershed. The results are satisfying; they show that this model can represent the overall hydrological regime of the pilot basin Bab-Merzouka. This model can open up new perspectives regarding the effects of climate change, and the changes caused by humans on water resources, in terms of both quantity and quality.
Highlights
Watershed Sebou is the largest surplus in terms of water resources; it represents 28% of national potential surface water and 20% of ground water potential, with a high population density (19% of the national population) [1].to study the hydrological behavior and to fight against pollution of the water resources in the basin, it is important to understand and quantify these resources, but above all, to help managers and decision makers to adopt the appropriate land management techniques
There are, in the literature, many hydrological watershed models each with their specifics and scope, several studies have been developed in the Sebou catchment over the years, but all focus on simple empirical models that do not take into consideration a range of factors influencing the flow and the water cycle [3]
This work takes on the hydrological modeling of the same watershed using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model developed by the United State’s Department of Agriculture (USDA), which is a conceptual model, deterministic and semi-spatial, that takes into consideration several parameters
Summary
Watershed Sebou is the largest surplus in terms of water resources; it represents 28% of national potential surface water and 20% of ground water potential, with a high population density (19% of the national population) [1].to study the hydrological behavior and to fight against pollution of the water resources in the basin, it is important to understand and quantify these resources, but above all, to help managers and decision makers to adopt the appropriate land management techniques. There are, in the literature, many hydrological watershed models each with their specifics and scope, several studies have been developed in the Sebou catchment over the years, but all focus on simple empirical models that do not take into consideration a range of factors influencing the flow and the water cycle [3]. This component can be analyzed and approached only by using hydrological models with spatial component [4].
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